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Current evidence suggests a beneficial role of herbal products in free radical-induced diseases. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen has long occupied a leading position in traditional Chinese medicine because of the ergogenic, nootropic, and antistress activities, although these properties are also acknowledged in the Western world. The goal of this paper is to review the pharmacological and toxicological properties of P. notoginseng and discuss its potential therapeutic effect. A literature…
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Panax notoginseng: Pharmacological Aspects and Toxicological Issues - PubMed

Review

Panax notoginseng: Pharmacological Aspects and Toxicological Issues

Cesare Mancuso. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Current evidence suggests a beneficial role of herbal products in free radical-induced diseases. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen has long occupied a leading position in traditional Chinese medicine because of the ergogenic, nootropic, and antistress activities, although these properties are also acknowledged in the Western world. The goal of this paper is to review the pharmacological and toxicological properties of P. notoginseng and discuss its potential therapeutic effect. A literature search was carried out on Pubmed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The following search terms were used: “notoginseng”, “gut microbiota”, “immune system”, “inflammation”, “cardiovascular system”, “central nervous system”, “metabolism”, “cancer”, and “toxicology”. Only peer-reviewed articles written in English, with the full text available, have been included. Preclinical evidence has unraveled the P. notoginseng pharmacological effects in immune-inflammatory, cardiovascular, central nervous system, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases by acting on several molecular targets. However, few clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic properties of P. notoginseng, mainly as an adjuvant in the conventional treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Further clinical studies, which both confirm the efficacy of P. notoginseng in free radical-related diseases and delve into its toxicological aspects, are mandatory to broaden its therapeutic potential.

Keywords: free radicals; ginsenosides; gut microbiota; herbal products; medicinal plants; saponins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Chemical structures of both 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) saponins. The PPD group includes ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rg3, Rc, and Rd, whereas the PPT group comprises ginsenosides Re, Rg1, Rg2, and Rh1. For further details, see Section 2.

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Panax notoginseng: Pharmacological Aspects and Toxicological Issues – PubMed