Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Withania somnifera extract on liver toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in vivo – PubMed Black Hawk Supplements

BLACK HAWK: High quality ashwagandha supplement for adrenal fatigue

Published article

The liver is a critical organ in the human body and is frequently exposed to numerous exogenous toxic substances, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and hepatoprotective effects of Withania somnifera (W. somnifera) extract on AgNP-induced liver toxicity in Swiss mice. Fifty mice were divided into five groups. Group I (negative control) consisted of ten mice. Group II received oral W. somnifera extracts (80 mg/kg/bw) for 14…
Black Hawk Supplements, best supplements in the UK

Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Withania somnifera extract on liver toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in vivo - PubMed

Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Withania somnifera extract on liver toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in vivo

Abdullah Asser Ahmed Alghamdi et al. J Med Life. 2024 Jul.

Abstract

The liver is a critical organ in the human body and is frequently exposed to numerous exogenous toxic substances, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and hepatoprotective effects of Withania somnifera (W. somnifera) extract on AgNP-induced liver toxicity in Swiss mice. Fifty mice were divided into five groups. Group I (negative control) consisted of ten mice. Group II received oral W. somnifera extracts (80 mg/kg/bw) for 14 days. Group III was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with AgNPs at a daily dose of 35 mg/kg/bw for 3 days. Group IV received i.p. AgNPs for 3 days, followed by saline for 14 days. Group V received i.p. AgNPs for 3 days, followed by oral W. somnifera (80 mg/kg/bw) for 14 days. Liver function tests, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activities, protein carbonyl (PC) levels, liver histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical expressions of transcription factor (NF-κB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined. Group III had elevated levels of liver function, a significant increase of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activity, and PC levels. Histological observations revealed congested sinusoids filled with red blood cells (RBCs) and hepatocyte necrosis. Also, positive expressions of NF-κB and VEGF were detected compared with Group I. However, the administration of W. somnifera to Group V revealed significant changes with evident improvements in liver function biomarkers, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activities, oxidative stress markers (PC), and histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters compared to Group III. The results revealed that W. somnifera has promising and potential hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects against liver toxicity. Further detailed studies are recommended to explore the potential of W. somnifera as a treatment for human liver ailments.

Keywords: NF-κB; VEGF; W. somnifera; antioxidants; cytokines; silver nanoparticles.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Schematic diagram for experimental design and doses

Figure 2
Figure 2

Correlation between serum IL-1β levels and liver enzyme activities in mice across different experimental conditions. The solid lines represent the linear regression and correlation coefficient (r). P is the significance level of correlation. The total number of subjects in each group was 10 mice. A, Correlation between Serum IL-1β and ALT (U/l); B, Correlation between Serum IL-1β and AST (U/l); C, Correlation between Serum IL-1β and ALP (U/l).

Figure 3
Figure 3

Histopathological examination (H&E staining) of liver sections from different experimental groups. A, B, liver section from Group I & II showing normal liver architecture, central vein (blue star), sinusoids (red arrow) and hepatocytes (black arrow). C, D, Liver section from Group III & IV showing congested central vein filled with RBCs, necrosis of hepatocytes, and inflammatory cells infiltration (yellow arrows). E, Liver section from Group V showing minimal central vain congestion, and insignificant inflammatory cells infiltration. Original magnification of upper raw ×200 and lower raw 400X.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Immunohistochemical staining of NF-κB in liver sections from different experimental groups. A, B, Liver section from Groups I and II showing negative expression (no immune-reactive cells). C, D, Liver section from Groups III & IV showing diffuse strong expression of hepatocytes. E, Liver section from Group V showing weak expression in hepatocytes. Original magnification of upper raw ×200 and lower raw 400X.

Figure 5
Figure 5

Immunohistochemical staining VEGF in liver sections from different experimental groups. A, B, Liver section from Groups I and II showing negative expression (no immune-reactive cells). C, D, Liver section from Groups III and IV showing diffuse strong expression of hepatocytes. E, Liver section from Group V showing weak expression in hepatocytes. Original magnification of upper raw ×200 and lower raw 400X.

References

    1. Zhang L, Ge J, Zheng Y, Sun Z, Wang C, Peng Z, et al. Survival-Assured Liver Injury Preconditioning (SALIC) Enables Robust Expansion of Human Hepatocytes in Fah–/–Rag2–/–IL2rg–/–Rats. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021;8(19):1–14. doi: 10.1002/advs.202101188. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Hashim M, Mujahid H, Hassan S, Bukhari S, Anjum I, Hano C, et al. Implication of Nanoparticles to Combat Chronic Liver and Kidney Diseases: Progress and Perspectives. Biomolecules. 2022;12:1337. doi: 10.3390/biom12101337. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Sun T, Kang Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ou L, Liu X, et al. Nanomaterials and hepatic disease: toxicokinetics, disease types, intrinsic mechanisms, liver susceptibility, and influencing factors. J Nanobiotechnol. 2021;19:108. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-00843-2. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Talarska P, Boruczkowski M, Żurawski JZ. Current Knowledge of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Laboratory Research—Application, Toxicity, Cellular Uptake. Nanomaterials. 2021;11:2454. doi: 10.3390/nano11092454. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Yin IX, Zhang J, Zhao IS, Mei ML, Li Q, Chu CH. The Antibacterial Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Dentistry. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:2555–2562. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S246764. – DOI – PMC – PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances

BLACK HAWK: Best ashwagandha supplement for men

Read the original publication:

Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Withania somnifera extract on liver toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in vivo – PubMed