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A Comprehensive Analysis on Galantamine Based Hybrids for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease – PubMed Black Hawk Supplements

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A Comprehensive Analysis on Galantamine Based Hybrids for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease - PubMed

Review

. 2024 Oct;104(4):e70004.

doi: 10.1111/cbdd.70004.

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PMID: 39494477
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.70004

Review

A Comprehensive Analysis on Galantamine Based Hybrids for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Yash Pal Singh et al. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive chronic age-related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the loss of memory and other cognitive functions. The exact etiology of AD is still under investigation, however several factors such as low level of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the form of Aβ plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), oxidative stress, and metal ion imbalance are the major hallmarks of this disease. Of the multiple hypotheses for AD, the amyloid-β (Aβ) and cholinergic hypothesis are the main targeting hypotheses for AD. Some researchers hypothesized that the primary event associated with the cholinergic neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) is memory loss and cognitive impairment. Due to the disease’s complicated pathogenesis, long-term therapy with a single target candidate is futile. As a result, multitargeted and multifunctional therapies have emerged. Various research teams are concentrating on addressing multiple disease factors through hybridization techniques. Consequently, this hybridization approach has been applied to all core scaffolds, including galantamine. In this article, we tried to provide a thorough overview of the most recent developments on galantamine, a prospective AChE inhibitor, and its hybrid analogs as possible therapeutic agents for treating AD. Furthermore, we also provided the design, synthesis, and SAR analysis of the galantamine-based compounds used in the last decades for the management of AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase; galantamine.

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References

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A Comprehensive Analysis on Galantamine Based Hybrids for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease – PubMed