Withanolides-enriched leaf extract of Withania somnifera exert anti-obesity effects by inducing brown adipocyte-like phenotype via tuning MAP-kinase signaling axis – PubMed Black Hawk Supplements

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Present study investigated anti-obesity potential of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal leaf extract (WSLE). Phytochemical characterization of WSLE was performed by UPLC/MS-QToF and HPLC-based analysis. WSLE was assessed for its effect on lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in vitro using differentiated 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. WSLE was found to contain 59 phytometabolites with a total of 10.601 μg withanolides per mg of extract. WSLE (30 μg/ml) treatment decreased basal levels of intracellular…
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Withanolides-enriched leaf extract of Withania somnifera exert anti-obesity effects by inducing brown adipocyte-like phenotype via tuning MAP-kinase signaling axis - PubMed

Withanolides-enriched leaf extract of Withania somnifera exert anti-obesity effects by inducing brown adipocyte-like phenotype via tuning MAP-kinase signaling axis

Acharya Balkrishna et al. Int J Biol Macromol. .

Abstract

Present study investigated anti-obesity potential of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal leaf extract (WSLE). Phytochemical characterization of WSLE was performed by UPLC/MS-QToF and HPLC-based analysis. WSLE was assessed for its effect on lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in vitro using differentiated 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. WSLE was found to contain 59 phytometabolites with a total of 10.601 μg withanolides per mg of extract. WSLE (30 μg/ml) treatment decreased basal levels of intracellular lipids and triglycerides to 13.85 % and 41.58 %, respectively. WSLE downregulated the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and their target genes responsible for lipogenesis dose-dependently. An upregulation in expression of lipolytic (ATGL and HSL), thermogenic (PGC1α, UCP1, and PRDM16), and glucose transporter (GLUT4) genes was also observed. Furthermore, WSLE treatment increased glucose uptake by 1.5-fold. These beneficial effects of WSLE were abolished in presence of AMPK, p38MAPK, and ERK inhibitors. These observations were then validated in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. Intriguingly, WSLE diminished fat accumulation in wild-type N2 worms as evident from reduced Oil-red-O staining and reduction in GFP expression of fat-5, 6, and 7 in transgenic strains. Overall, these results highlight anti-obesity potential of WSLE exerting its effects via alterations in AMPK/p38MAPK/ERK axis.

Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Lipid droplets; Mitochondrial biogenesis; Obesity; Withania somnifera.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest Acharya Balkrishna is an honorary trustee in Divya Yog Mandir Trust, which governs Divya Pharmacy, Haridwar. In addition, he holds an honorary managerial position in Patanjali Ayurved Ltd., Haridwar, India. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Withanolides-enriched leaf extract of Withania somnifera exert anti-obesity effects by inducing brown adipocyte-like phenotype via tuning MAP-kinase signaling axis – PubMed